meissnee



l 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. H. MESSNER.

l BASE BURNING STOVB. No. 105.587. Patentedjuly 19, 1870.

l. 2 Sheets- Sheet 2. J. H. MEISSNER.. BASE BURNING STOVE. Y

N mlosa?. Patented Ju1y`19, 1870.`

iili tant ,anni @attire Leners Patent No. 105,587,1aaaa1azy 1o, 1870.

BASE-BURNING- STOVE.

ThevSchedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part. of the same To all whomat may concern:

Be it known lthat I, JULIUs HERMAN MmssNnn, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Magazine or Base-burning Stoves, they being, also,

applicable to other furnaces; and I do hereby declare that the following is a' full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexeddrawing making part of this specification, in which- The figure represents a central vertical section of a baseeburning stove, showing the magazine for containing the fuel, the annular passage which conducts the air to-the burning fuel, the register for admittingsuch air and for the escape of gas when necessary, and the smoke or gas-passage to the up-take. It, also, shows a fire-pot, a grate upon which the fuel rests, an ashpan with apertures for the admission of air in kindling the fire, and arcasing which surrounds the fire-pot.

The diiferent parts ofthe .stove are designated by different letters and figures in 'the drawing.

This invention relates to magazine or base-burning furnaces, a stove having been chosen in which to illustrate such a furnace, it being-well adapted to such use, but, at the same time, applicable to various other furl naces in which it is desirable to apply the"baseburn ing principle. V

In furnaces of this character, and, especially in stoves constructed upon this principle, it is usual tof admit lthe air for the support of combustion belowv the grate upon which the incandescent fuel rests, the conse` qnence ot' which is that, in its passage through such fuel, it is deprived of a large proportion of itsoxygen,

-thus rendering it incapable of supplying the required amount thereof for the proper combustion of the gases which are evolved from and rise above such fuel.

One of the objects of this invention is to produce a remedy for the above-recited difficulty; and, to this' i lthmug'hthe freshfuetrst,and'mingle with the gases formed in the magazine, and then both be""ca1'ried down and made to impingeupon theincandeseent fuel upon the grate; as 'a consequence of which, thc

air which is mingled `with such Vgases before they reach the igniting point, will act as a support of combustion, even though, all of the oxygen has been extracted from that :portion of the air which has passed through the coal 'upon the grate, or which is in an incandes cent state.`

The other features of my invention consist in conlbinations and arrangements vfor the accomplishment of certain purposes, which will be more fully explained hereinafter.

- To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it more particularly with referrence to the drawing, in whicha refers to the ash-panor pit of a stove, it being of any approved form of construction, and placed or formed within the base of the stove. This ash-pit is provided with apertures which may be controlled by any convenient form ot' sliding or revolving damppr, so that airmay be admitted through them upon starting or kindliug a fire, but so that,y when the coal has become ignited, they may be closed air-tight, if desired, so as to compel all the air, for the support of.

. above the tire-pot is to bev provided with doors or windows, i i, as in stoves now iu use.

The above-enumerated parts form no part of my present invention separately, and,'.consequently, need not be more particularly described here.

M refers to a magazine for the reception ot' coal, it

4 being constructed with a funnel-shaped mouth at its upper end, and a projecting flange by which it is lsuspended upon the shell of the stove near ,its upper end, as shown in the drawing, care being taken to make this-joint, as well as all others, gas-tight.

From the lower portion of this funnel-shaped moutlr downward to a point about. midway of the doors or windows it', this magazine gradually increases in diam` cter, and is perforated with vertical -slots throughout nearly its entire length, through which the air,entering from above, passes into the fresh fuel in such magazine to mix with thc gases created in the early stages of combustion of such fuel before it reaches the incandescent fuel upon the grate. lhe slotted form of the magazine is clearly shown in figs. 2 and 3, there being nocross-connect-ions between theliugers or bars toobstruct the downward passage of the fuel.

By passing the air through the fuel in the magazine, in the manner set forth, such fuel is kept cool, to prevent its ignition before it reaches the lower end of the magazine.

vUpon the top of the magazine there is placed a reservoir for coal, or, it may be a continuation of such magazine.

This reservoir is shown at mi, and is covered with a cap or bonnet, for thc insertion of the coal, which is removable, but which, when in position, forms a tight joint with reference to the upper surface of the reservoir, in order that n0 gas may escape from the stove at that point.

Just below the iiange, upon which'th'e magazine M is suspended, and within the vertical portion of the shell or casing of the stove, there is placed a ring or register, r, which is provided with two sets of openings, 1 and 2, one near its upper edge, and one near its lower edge, the upper ones being for the admission 0f air between the magazine and the `cylinderlwhich surrounds it, and the lower ones for the escape of gas when the air is shut off from such space.

These openings are so arranged that when the air induction-passages are open, the lower ones, through which the gas escapes, will be closed, as shown in the drawing, where'the two sets of apertures are clearly shown, and, also, the apertures through the outer portion of the stove, as well as the means for operating the register.

C refers to a cylinder of metal, winch is suspended fromthat portion of the stove, or furnace, upon which the register rests. This cylinder is of equal diameter throughout its entire length, and extends downward to the lower end of the coal magazin i; its oiice being to form between it and such magazine, an annular air-passage gradually diminishing in area, through which the air, admitted by the register, shallpass to the fuel upon the grate, and'in which it shall be heated during suclrpassage, in order that its oxygen may the more readily combine-with the carbon` of the fuel upou its reaching that point. Another, and important, otiice of this cylinder is, to form the inner, wall of a chamber through which the unconsun'led.gaseous products of combustion pass to the pipe s.

The arrows in the drawing show the 'direction which the air takes after having been admitted by the register, and also the direction which the uniniiamlnable gases takes, in escaping from the fire to the pipe s, after having their heat radiated through the portions 'i i and s' s' of the stove.

The operation of the stove or furnace is very simple, and is as follows v The parts havingr be'en constructed and arranged substantially as shown and described, the lire is kindled upon the grate g by the use of kindlings placed thereon, air being admitted through the apertures l; after whichA the bonnet of reservoir m is removed and coal-is supplied thereto, from which it passes down to the grate. When thecoal has been ignited, the apertur'es l Z may be closed, if desired, and the apertures 1, in the air-register upon the top of the stove, opened, when air will pass in and down through the annular passage f to the fuel upon the grate, at the saine timethat a portion of the air so admitted passes through the apertures in the magazine M, and mingles 4with the gases therein generated, after which the current will be brought into direct contact with the incandesany unburned gas will pass into the pipe s and out.

into the atmosphere.

Then it is desirable to check the combustion of the fuel, the register 1" is turned so as to close the apertures l, through which' the air enters, and open the ones 2, so thatAany gas which may be generated in the magazine while such apertures are closed may be allowed to pass ont into the chamber outside of the cylinder, and into the pipe s, and thus eifectually prevented from entering the room in which the furnace, or stove, may be located.

The grated condition, by which I mean the openwork construction of my magazine M, in connection with suoli a construction and arrangement of the related parts as'will induce an inward draught through the openings, is of itself a very important feature of my stove; and the advantages may be partly realized by making the openings in any fanciful or varied forms as may be suggested by any designer; but I find the plain vertical slots, or, in other words, the vertical grating, which I have shown, perform an important function, by allowing the. coal and coke tov descend freely without hanging in the openings. The suspension of my magazine grate from the top allows a greater extent ot' opening around the base of thc said grate or grated magazine, and greatly improves, not only the action of the stove, but the appearance of the fire, as

seen through the mica windows, provided as shown around the casing j ust above.

Having thus described my invention,

What I claim, and'desire" to secure 'by Letters Patent, is v 1. 'lheconical magazine M, slotted nearlyits entire length, in combination with the/cylinder G, and airiluef, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The conical slotted and suspended magazine, when the openings or slots in the same extend to the extreme lowerend thereof, so as to leave projecting points or fingers for guides to the coal, but so as to leave its passage from such magazine wholly unobstructed.

3. lhe combination of the reservoir m, and magazine M, substantially as and forL the purpose set forth.

4. rlhe combination of the registering-valve yr, the casing in which it is placed, lthe magazine M, the cylinder (l, and the air-heating chamber f, the parts being arranged substantially as and. for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereofI lu ve hereunto set my naine in presence of two lsubscribing"witnesses.

JULIUS H. MEISSNER.

Witnesses:

Gno. W. SMITH, J As. MARSHALL. 

